So... next day...
The "optimistic" approach was a fail. Disassemble everything, clean it all up thoroughly, and reassemble. Nope.
Two key issues:<li>The manifold interface on the cat assembly is waaaay off flat, more than 1mm... raised to the centre, tapering to one side, and that's why it was leaking either side despite the thick graphite core gasket.</li><li>After doing a complete clean-up and reassembly it was easy enough to verify with the cowling off that there seems to definitely be a crack/leak in the back of the unit below the cat.</li>
So: cat is fucked.
Thankfully I am not that optimistic and had already ordered a new one via eBay, dubiously cheap, but we shall see lol: https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/336673019662
I did also pick up new gaskets from EuroCarParts today. I used the lower one already... might be re-usable. But the kit above comes with a set. I didn't use the upper one as it is a typical multi-metal-sheet one, very thin, was never going to work given how out the surface is.