On the tear stains (and for whoever asked what they are): the reddish-brown color is porphyrin, an iron pigment from broken-down red blood cells that dogs shed in tears and saliva. It shows most on light fur.
What vets suggest (VCA Animal Hospitals and PetMD):
- Wipe the corners once or twice a day with a damp cloth or a dog eye wipe, always away from the eye, then dry the fur. Constant moisture is what lets yeast darken it further.
- Keep the hair around the eyes trimmed short so it doesn't wick tears onto the face.
- Skip hydrogen peroxide and random home remedies near the eye. VCA notes no product is proven to fully remove staining, and some can hurt the eye.
- Probiotics have some evidence but take a couple of months.
- Since she's 17, if the tearing is new or getting worse, or there's redness, squinting or discharge, have the vet look. Causes range from a blocked tear duct (they can flush it) to inward-rolling lids or stray lashes.
vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/eye-discharge-or-epiphora-in-dogs
