Kubo does not use Graperank or similar graph-computed webs of trust.
It uses an 'association' event to establish the guardian-subject relationship for 2 keypairs, and uses 'moderation events' which are lists for view-only and interact permissions containing people, places, and events. This system defines 2 concentric bubbles of what can be seen and interacted with online, in which your kid can navigate, make contacts, build a follow list, etc.
If you trust someone else's judgement over their children enough (e.g. your brother), you can 'extend' trust to them, which adopts their moderation events into your configuration.
These events need to be respected by either a client, bunker, or relay.
Although the design has already improved since, here is the most recent and comprehensive article on Trust Extended Permissions:
https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqh4yvjqytwcl7g3x2hwaxmndemwugdvscfsfp3yxhmecaazsmfdaqy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uqp2nrh2a0kxe6389h9yu2fveg42u33fd2r24c9ss3pr
Older articles on TEPP and Kubo:
Operation Kidstr 02: North Star
https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqh4yvjqytwcl7g3x2hwaxmndemwugdvscfsfp3yxhmecaazsmfdaqy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uqp23jn2fgx7dmt8ycnvd6ggdy854jvv4t5geq95qeug
Operation Kidstr, 1: Circles and levels of trust
https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqh4yvjqytwcl7g3x2hwaxmndemwugdvscfsfp3yxhmecaazsmfdaqq257njwwdt5k5zgwu6z66mwdayysc23daeh56a64dd
